Which condition is characterized by gastric mucosal inflammation?

Gastritis is indeed characterized by inflammation of the gastric mucosa, which refers to the lining of the stomach. This condition can result from various factors, such as infections (most commonly by Helicobacter pylori), excessive alcohol intake, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or autoimmune disorders. Symptoms of gastritis may include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and a feeling of fullness in the upper abdomen.

In contrast, the other conditions mentioned are associated with inflammation in different areas of the gastrointestinal system. Esophagitis involves inflammation of the esophagus, often due to acid reflux, infections, or irritants. Cholecystitis is the inflammation of the gallbladder, typically due to gallstones, while appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, usually caused by blockage that leads to infection. Each of these conditions presents with different symptoms and requires specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, underscoring the importance of correctly identifying conditions based on their anatomical and pathological characteristics.