What is the recommended management for stones less than 5mm in size?

The recommended management for stones less than 5mm in size is to increase fluid intake. Smaller stones often can pass spontaneously through the urinary tract without the need for more invasive interventions. Encouraging adequate hydration can help facilitate this process by increasing urine volume, which can help "flush out" the stones.

When the size is less than 5mm, the likelihood of spontaneous passage is high, and many patients can effectively manage their condition by simply drinking plenty of fluids. This approach minimizes unnecessary procedures and potential complications.

In contrast, options like surgery and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) are generally reserved for larger stones or when stones cause significant symptoms or complications, making them less suitable for managing smaller stones. Medication therapy may be indicated in certain circumstances, but increasing fluid intake remains the primary recommendation for small stones, emphasizing a conservative and supportive management approach.