What condition is synonymous with an increase in spinal curvature?

An increase in spinal curvature is associated with kyphosis, which refers specifically to an exaggerated forward rounding of the spine, often resulting in a hunched or "humped" appearance. This condition typically affects the thoracic region of the spine and can be caused by various factors, such as poor posture, osteoporotic fractures, or certain diseases.

In contrast, lordosis refers to an abnormal curvature of the lumbar spine, characterized by an increased curve leading to a more pronounced arch in the lower back. Flat back describes a condition where there is a decreased lumbar curve, resulting in a straight spine appearance, which is the opposite of increased curvature. Hunchback is a common colloquial term that may refer to exaggerated kyphosis, but it is not a technical or medical classification of spinal curvature.

Therefore, kyphosis is the most accurate term to describe an increase in spinal curvature, making it the correct choice.